by 21st Century Competition | May 8, 2014
Decision of the Commission pursuant to Article 101(3) of the EC Treaty to exempt notified agreements between companies from the prohibition of Article 101(1) of the EC Treaty, on the basis of an individual assessment (see Block exemption regulation). In broad terms,...
by 21st Century Competition | May 8, 2014
An infringement proceeding is an action against a Member State, which fails to fulfil an obligation under the EC Treaty or under secondary EU legislation. The Commission leads the proceeding on its own initiative or at the request of another Member State. Individuals...
by 21st Century Competition | May 8, 2014
General term for the assignment of property rights through, for example, patents, copyrights or trademarks. These property rights give the holder the exclusive right to exploit the innovation. The holder thus has monopoly power on the use of the item, normally for a...
by 21st Century Competition | May 8, 2014
Competition between firms that have developed brands or labels for their products in order to distinguish them from other brands sold in the same market segment. Although not perceived as being fully equivalent by consumers, branded products nevertheless compete with...
by 21st Century Competition | May 8, 2014
1. Conservatory measures imposed on firms by the Commission in relation to a competition case, in which a final decision on the substance has not been reached yet, in order to avoid anti-competi- tive behaviour leading to irreversible damage before being sanc- tioned....
